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The law of inertia is fundamental to the mechanics of Galilei-Newton. It is stated as:
An isolated body continues in a state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line.
This law says something about:
- the motion of the bodies
- the reference-bodies or systems of co-ordinates in mechanics
The law of inertia applies to fixed stars.
If the Earth is a system of non-moving coordinates, then every star revolves in huge orbits around the earth in one Earth-day [geocentric]. This is opposed to the law of inertia.
This means that it is the stars that are in non-moving co-ordinates [heliocentric].
This system were the law of inertia applies is called a “Galileian system of coordinates.” The Classical mechanics of Galilei-Newton are valid only for a Galileian system of coordinates*.
Superphysics Note!
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